government in 2017 described troops of the PLA's 27th army as being ordered to "spare no-one" as they used dum-dum bullets, automatic weapons and armored vehicles to carry out mass killings in Beijing. Xu later served a five-year jail term, and his disgrace affected many officers who served with him.ĭiplomatic archives declassified by the U.K. Xu Qinxian refused to lead the crackdown, and the 27th Army was ordered in to finish the operation. When then-supreme leader Deng Xiaoping first ordered troops of the PLA's 38th army into Beijing to crack down on the student-led protests, its commanding officer Lt. Three decades after China's People's Liberation Army (PLA) put an end to weeks of peaceful protest on Beijing's Tiananmen Square with live machine-gun fire, bayonets and tanks, little is known about the ordinary citizens who tried to shield the students from the worst of the violence, and who paid a heavy price for their actions.
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